Which physiological factors are associated with increased ACL injury risk?

Poor core strength and lower extremity deficits are indeed associated with an increased risk of ACL injuries. The core plays a crucial role in stabilizing the pelvis and spine during movement, which is essential for maintaining proper biomechanics in the lower extremities. When core strength is deficient, it can lead to poor alignment and movement patterns, increasing the likelihood of knee injuries, including ACL tears.

Lower extremity deficits, such as weakness in the quadriceps or hamstrings, contribute to instability and can impair the ability to control knee movements during dynamic activities, which further heightens the risk of ACL injuries. An unfit lower extremity might not provide adequate support during high-impact sports or sudden directional changes, making it more vulnerable to injury.

In contrast, the other options reflect factors that generally contribute to injury prevention or improved athletic performance. Strong core muscles and good coordination enhance stability, while proper footwear and balanced strength help support the body during movement. Similarly, high fitness levels and agility usually correlate with better neuromuscular control, which is protective against injury.