What is the single most important cause of delayed wound healing?

Infection is a critical factor in delayed wound healing because it can significantly disrupt the healing process. When a wound becomes infected, the body's energy and resources are diverted towards fighting the infection rather than repairing tissue. Certain bacterial organisms can produce toxins and elicit strong inflammatory responses that further impair healing, leading to complications such as increased exudate and necrotic tissue. Moreover, infection can lead to systemic symptoms, causing general malaise that may reduce a patient's ability to engage in necessary rehabilitation activities.

Effective management of infection through proper wound care, early identification, and appropriate use of antibiotics is essential in promoting optimal healing. This highlights the importance of maintaining aseptic techniques and monitoring wounds closely in the post-operative setting to minimize the risk of infection and promote timely recovery.

While factors like vitamin deficiencies, hydration levels, and lack of exercise can contribute to delayed healing, they are secondary to the impact of infection, which has a more immediate and profound effect on the wound healing cascade.